Evidence admissibility

Echeverry v. Jazz Casino Co., LLC, No. 20-30038 (Jan.11, 2021), discussed yesterday, also reviewed the admissibility of four pieces of evidence in a personal-injury trial. The issue was the liability of the LLC that owns Harrah’s Casino in New Orleans for hiring a wildlife-removal contractor to work on its exterior landscaping (“AWR”). The Fifth Circuit found no abuse of discretion by the trial court in admitting them:

• The contractor’s “F” rating with the Better Business Bureau. “[T]he BBB evidence is not very probative of the safety and competency of AWR. Still, as we earlier discussed, it might have been properly used by jurors as evidence of the Casino’s failure to investigate AWR adequately. … The evidence of the BBB rating at least added to the jurors’ understanding that the Casino missed another of the markers that could have led to further inquiry, even if the inquiry would not have led to much of significance.”
• The contractor’s certificate of insurance. “The Casino relies on Federal Rule of Evidence 411, which makes inadmissible the existence or nonexistence of insurance for purposes of proving or disproving a party’s negligence. … Here, AWR’s lack of insurance was not admitted on the issue of AWR’s negligence but to prove the Casino’s negligence in hiring AWR. Rule 411 was not violated.”
• The Casino’s internal policies. “While [an earlier unpublished case] held that internal policies did not establish the applicable standard of care, that panel did not go so far as to say that evidence that a principal violated its internal policies is irrelevant to the question of negligence. We conclude that failure to follow internal policies can be relevant. The district court did not abuse its discretion by admitting the evidence.” (citation omitted).
• Construction-site photos. “The district court did not abuse its discretion by admitting the evidence of construction sites. [Plainitff] sought to use the evidence of construction sites that had barricades to show that there should have been barricades in place to prevent her injury. The fact that the bird-removal site did not have barricades when similar construction sites did is some evidence
  of a breach of the applicable standard of care, especially when the Casino’s expert made the comparison to construction sites.”